Abstract
The route of drug administration significantly affects the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medications, thereby influencing therapeutic efficacy and safety. This article explores the pharmacological implications associated with various drug administration routes including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, oral, topical, and inhalational methods. A comprehensive understanding of these routes helps clinicians tailor treatment strategies to achieve optimal patient outcomes, particularly in scenarios requiring rapid action, sustained release, or minimal systemic exposure. The study emphasizes the need for route-specific considerations in drug design and delivery systems.
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