Abstract
Antibiotics are essential tools in combating bacterial infections, yet their clinical effectiveness is increasingly threatened by the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Recent developments in antibiotic pharmacology aim to overcome these challenges through novel drug discovery, optimized dosing strategies, and innovative delivery systems. This article explores newly approved antibiotics, beta-lactamase inhibitors, advancements in pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD), and alternative approaches such as bacteriophage therapy. It also discusses the implications of resistance mechanisms on antibiotic efficacy and the future outlook of antibiotic therapy.
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