Abstract
Achieving optimal bioavailability remains a major challenge in drug development, especially for poorly water-soluble drugs and macromolecules. Innovative formulation strategies have been developed to overcome physicochemical and physiological barriers, improving therapeutic outcomes and patient compliance. This article reviews recent advances in drug delivery systems, including lipid-based carriers, nanotechnology, solid dispersions, and targeted delivery approaches, with a focus on their mechanisms, advantages, and clinical translation potential.
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