The Physics of Charge Transfer in Organic Semiconductors

Abstract

Organic semiconductors are materials of significant interest for a variety of electronic and optoelectronic applications, such as organic solar cells (OSCs), organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Understanding charge transfer mechanisms in these materials is crucial to improving the efficiency and performance of devices based on organic semiconductors. Charge transfer in organic materials occurs primarily through a process known as hopping conduction, where electrons or holes move between localized states. This article reviews the fundamental mechanisms of charge transfer in organic semiconductors, factors influencing charge transport, and their implications in OSCs and OLEDs. It also discusses the effects of molecular structure, external fields, and environmental factors on charge transfer efficiency.